Race in India, Part 2

     In the final installment of our two-part series on India, we examine how race and caste have been aligned, disputed, and separated for political ends since the early twentieth century. And we finally get rid of that peacock!

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Here are some resources for the show:

• Amar Chitra Katha comic books: https://www.amarchitrakatha.com/us/
• ​Bamshad, Michael, et al. . 2001 Genetic Evidence on the Origins of Indian Caste Populations. Genome Research 11(6): 994–1004.

• Basu, Analabha, Neeta Sarkar-Roy, and Partha P. Majumder. 2016 Genomic reconstruction of the history of extant populations of India reveals five distinct ancestral components and a complex structure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113(6): 1594-1599.
• Beteille, Andre. 1967 Race and Descent as Social Categories in India. Daedalus 96(2): 444-463.
• Chavda, A.L. 2017. Propagandizing the Aryan Invasion Debate: A Rebuttal to Tony Joseph.
• Dirks, Nicholas. 2001 Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of Modern India. Princeton University Press. [we included this last time, but it’s so central to what we’re discussing that it deserves mention again]
• Guha, Sumit. 1998 Lower Strata, Older Races, and Aboriginal Peoples: Racial Anthropology and Mythical History Past and Present. The Journal of Asian Studies 57(2): 423-441.
• Joseph, Tony. 2017. How genetics is settling the Aryan migration debate. The Hindu.
• Mosse, David. 2018 Caste and Development: Contemporary Perspectives on a Structure of Discrimination and Advantage. World Development 110: 422-436.
• Parameswaran, Radhika, and Kavitha Cardoza.. 2009 Melanin on the Margins: Advertising and the Cultural Politics of Fair/Light/White Beauty in India. Journalism & Communication Monographs 11(3): 213-274.
• Reddy, Deepa S.. 2005 The Ethnicity of Caste. Anthropological Quarterly 78(3): 543-584.
• Reich, David, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Nick Patterson, Alkes L. Price, and Lalji Singh. 2009 Reconstructing Indian population history. Nature 461(7263): 489.
• Rosenberg, Noah A., Saurabh Mahajan, Catalina Gonzalez-Quevedo, Michael GB Blum, Laura Nino-Rosales, Vasiliki Ninis, Parimal Das et al. . 2006 Low levels of genetic divergence across geographically and linguistically diverse populations from India. PLoS Genetics 2(12): e215.
• Sengupta, Dhriti, Ananyo Choudhury, Analabha Basu, and Michele Ramsay. 2016 Population stratification and underrepresentation of Indian subcontinent genetic diversity in the 1000 genomes project dataset. Genome Biology and Evolution 8(1): 3460-3470.
• Shah, A., J. Lerche, R. Axelby, D. Benbabaali, B. Donegan, J. Raj, V. Thakur. 2018 Ground Down by Growth: Tribe, Caste, Class and Inequality in Twenty-First-Century India. London: Pluto Press.
• Sharma, Smriti. 2015 Caste-Based Crimes and Economic Status: Evidence from India. Journal of Comparative Economics 43(1): 204–226
• Silva, Marina, Marisa Oliveira, Daniel Vieira, Andreia Brandão, Teresa Rito, Joana B. Pereira, Ross M. Fraser et al. . 2017 A genetic chronology for the Indian Subcontinent points to heavily sex-biased dispersals. BMC Evolutionary Biology 17(1): 88. (https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-017-0936-9)
• Viswanath, Rupa. 2014 The Pariah Problem: Caste, religion, and the Social in Modern India. Columbia University Press.